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T. Sivanesan ¹, V. Natarajan ², S. Pandi ³

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Physics, Aksheya Engineering College, Puludivakkam- 603 314, Kanchipuram Dt. Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology, Kunthampakkam-602 107, Kanchipuram Dt., Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Dept. of Physics, Presidency College, Chennai- 600 005, IN

Abstract

Single crystals of α-Glycine up to the size of 4 × 4 × 1 mm³ were grown for optical characterization by the solution growth method using methanol as a solvent. The crystal structure was studied by X-ray diffraction. The UV-visual absorption spectra indicate a good transparency between 200 and 1400 nm. The non-linear refractive index n₂ and susceptibility χ ⁽³⁾ have been measured through the Z-scan technique. α-Glycine exhibits saturation absorption and self-focusing performance. Non-linear absorption co-efficient β is determined as 2.4763 x 10 ^-5 cm/W. Non-linear refractive index n₂ measured at the wavelength of 632.8 nm is calculated as 2.14435 x 10^-8 cm²/W. The real and imaginary pars of χ ⁽³⁾ have been measured at 632.8 nm and found to be 7.9732 x 10^-07 esu and 8.0018 x 10^-07 esu, respectively. The measured 3rd order non-linear properties confirm its suitability for non-linear optical devices such as optical switching device.

Keywords

Single XRD, α-Glycine, UV Spectrum, Z-scan, Crystal Growth

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V. Natarajan ¹, T. Sivanesan ², S. Pandi ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology, Kuthampakkam – 602 107, Chennai, IN
2 Department of Physics Aksheyaa College of Engineering, Puludivakkam – 603 314, Kanchipuram Dt., IN
3 Head Department of Physics, Presidency College, Chennai – 600 005, IN

Abstract

Potassium aluminum sulphate dodeca hydrate crystals were grown from aqueous solution and studied by X-ray diffraction. The UV-Visual IR transmission spectra indicate a better transparency between 200 and 800 nm. The nonlinear refractive index n₂ and susceptibility χ⁽³⁾ have been measured through the Z-scan technique. The results indicate that the compound exhibits saturation absorption and self-focusing performance. Non-linear absorption Co-efficient β is determined as 7.6746 x 10 ^-4 cm/W. Non-linear refractive index n₂ measured at the wavelength of 632.8 nm is calculated as 1.46412 x 10^-8 cm²/W. The real and imaginary pars of χ⁽³⁾ have been measured at 632.8 nm and found to be 7.84088 x 10^-07 esu and 2.07218 x 10^-08 esu, respectively. The measured 3rd order non-linear properties confirm its suitability for nonlinear optical devices such as optical limiting and switching.

Keywords

Growth from Solution, Single XRD, UV Spectrum, Z-scan

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V. Natarajan ¹, T. Sivanesan ², S. Pandi ³

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Physics, Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology, Kunthampakkam-602124, TN, IN
2 Dept. of Physics, Aksheyaa College of Engineering, Puluthivakkam, Kanchipuram 603 314, TN, IN
3 Dept. of Physics, Presidency College, Chennai- 600 005, IN

Abstract

L-arginine hydrochloride monohydrate (L-arginine hydrochloride monohydrate) was synthesized by the reaction between hydrochloric acid and the strongly basic amino acid, L-arginine taken in the ratio of 1:1. The crystal structure of the sample was studied by single X-ray diffraction. The UV transmittance spectra of the grown crystals indicate a good transparency between 200 and 1000 nm. The nonlinear refractive index η₂ and susceptibility χ⁽³⁾ have been measured through the Z-scan technique. The results indicate that the compound exhibits reverse saturation absorption and selfdefocusing performance. Non-linear absorption co-efficient is determined as 9.2194 x 10^{- 4} cm/w. The non-linear refractive index of the L-arginine hydrochloride single crystals were found to be 1.7129 x 10^{- 7}cm ²/w. The real and imaginary pars of non-linear susceptibility χ(3) have been measured at 632.8 nm and found to be 1.1573 x 10^-05 esu and 3.1382 x 10^-05 esu, respectively.

Keywords

Growth from Solution, Single XRD, UV Spectrum, Z-scan

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M. N. Ahmad ¹, T. Sivanesan ¹, A. S. Mahmud ¹

Affiliations
1 Mechanical Section, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Spanish Institute, Kulim Hi-Tech Park, MY

Abstract

Automobile wheel is a key component of the automobile. The optimization design for aluminium alloy wheel was implemented using Design of Experiments (DOE) in this paper. On wheel, the parameters affecting the overall efficiency such as strength, stiffness and weight are selected, and simulation experiments are completed using Minitab software according to the Box-Behnken Design. The response surface model is obtained from the Response Surface Method (RSM) and then static analysis was done by using ANSYS for each design with different combination of parameters produced by response surface model. As a result, the optimal parameters of the wheel are determined by finding the minimum value of the response model. A shape of an optimized wheel is determined by the response surface model and validity is confirmed by analysing and comparing the characteristic of wheel with the baseline design. Lastly, transient thermal analysis of the optimized alloy wheel is aimed at evaluating the performance of alloy wheel of a car under static conditions specifically in hot weather.

Keywords

Alloy Wheel, Design of Experiment, Box-Behnken Design, Response Surface Method, Finite Element Analysis.

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